The Disease Of Red Measles Or Measles - 892 Words

Rubeola Rubeola, also called red measles or measles, is an acute viral disease that causes a red rash over the body. Measles is one of the most common and most deadly communicable childhood diseases. It is spread from one child to another through direct contact with droplets from the nose and throat. Sometimes, it is spread through air-borne droplets from an infected child. This is a very contagious disease that usually consists of a rash, fever, and cough. The rubeola virus can live on surfaces for hours. The virus was first isolated in 1954 by Nobel Laureate John F. Enders and Thomas Peebles, who were careful to point out that the isolations were made from patients who had Koplik s spots, white spots under the tongue. The rubeola virus†¦show more content†¦Symptoms of measles begin to appear about seven to fourteen days after a person is infected, but can be as long as twenty days. Most cases start with a mild to moderate fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and sore throat. About three to five days later, a red rash appears. The rash begins at the hairline, then spreads down to the rest of the body. When the rash appears, the fever may be as high as 103 °F to105 °F. Symptoms may last for one to two weeks. Many cases are complicated by secondary infections caused by bacterial pathogens, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Haemophilus influenzae. These pathogens readily invade the body because measles damages the normal body defenses. Secondary infections most commonly cause earaches and pneumonia. Measles can be prevented by injecting an attenuated rubeola virus vaccine. At the time of the introduction of the vaccine in the early 1960s, there were about 400,000 cases of the disease were being reported each year in the United States, probably representing one-tenth of the actual number of victims. The number of cases in the United States have declined to maybe just a few each year. In 1980 the worldwide incidence of rubeola was estimated to be 100 million with 5.8 million deaths. Globally, vaccination programs have lowered the number of cases dramatically since then, however, the decline in incidence has not been uniform among the different regions ofShow MoreRelatedCommunity Health1286 Words   |  6 PagesMeasles Outbreak Communicable diseases are present in every community, city, state, village and country throughout the world. They are easily spread and, in some cases and places, easily prevented. International travel and parents not vaccinating their children are major contributors to the measles outbreak. As a nurse it is pertinent that we are educated on the signs, symptoms and the treatment of any communicable disease. It is imperative that we are also able to educate the general publicRead MoreMeasles Is A Contagious Virus Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesMeasles is a highly contagious virus that affects thousands of children every year. In 2014, a survey from the World Health Organization reported that measles causes about 314 deaths every day. 1Decades of research have allowed scientists to develop an effective vaccine. Despite the vaccine having a 93% effectiveness rate, this disease continues to remain a concern to public health.1 In 1757, physician Francis Home observed the biology of measles. Through his studies, Home inoculated uninfectedRead MorePrevention And Prevention Of Measles1029 Words   |  5 PagesFor many, many years’ measles rubeola has been one of the leading causes of disease around the world. It has caused a great amount of sickness and fatalities in countries that do not have access to vaccines and in young children who have not been vaccinated. Its easy transmission has made it even more difficult to be contained and controlled. This research paper provides a breakdown of what the measles consists of and its genus and family. Information about how this disease is transmitted and theRead MoreThe Diseases Of The World851 Words   |  4 PagesEven though measles had been recognized as a sickness that differs from smallpox as early as the 10th century by a scientist named Rhazes, people were still believing in an ancient theory that explained measles as a way of purifying kids` from t heir mothers` menstrual blood (Axton, 140). Because it was seen as a way of purification, people have embraced this sickness and wanted their kids to experience the holy cleansing process. In 1670, an English physician, Thomas Sydenham wrote a detailed synopsisRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Measles Vaccination Rates1314 Words   |  6 Pages Rubeola, more commonly referred to as measles, is an illness of the body which causes red bumps and spots on a person’s skin. Some symptoms may include high fever, runny nose, coughing, or red watery eyes (â€Å"Signs†). Rubeola is highly contagious, and can easily be transferred by those who have it to those who are unvaccinated. Influenza, also known as the flu, is similar in the way that it can be easily transferred. Also an illness of the body, influenza can cause symptoms such as a sore throat,Read MoreTask 21251 Words   |  6 PagesCommunity Health (C228) MEASLES Measles was at one time in the not too distant past, a killer of those that became infected. Measles has been around for centuries. The first published, written account of the disease was in the ninth century by a Persian doctor. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website on measles, it was not until 1757 that a Scottish physician, named Francis Home, proved that something infectious in the blood was causing the disease. By the early 1900’sRead MoreCommon Symptoms and Damages of Measles Essay584 Words   |  3 PagesThe Latin name for measles is rubeola. The pathogen which causes the disease is a paramyxovirus, which is one of a group of RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses. Measles is a respiratory disease caused by a virus, and also comes out in a rash. The virus enters the body via the respiratory system, and grows in the cells at the back of the throat and in the cells that line the lungs, from there it then enters the blood stream and circulates the body. Common Symptoms Usually a person doesn’t start toRead MorePrevention And Prevention Of Measles1163 Words   |  5 Pagesprevent disease. Immunization is also known as vaccination. They are essential for adults as well as children to protect against infectious diseases like measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, polio, tetanus, diphtheria, and many others diseases (â€Å"Immunization: MedlinePlus,† 2014). Measles is one of the highly infectious diseases caused by virus among all of them. It spreads through the air by coughing and sneezing. It starts with the symptoms like fever, runny nose, cough, sore throat, red eyes andRead MoreThe Is Not If You Use Measles The Right Way !989 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fear? Not If You Use Measles The Right Way!† Ms.Jennifer was the head supervisor of a small town daycare called J.F.K, which stands for Just For Kids. Her favorite kid that attended the daycare was a boy named Trevor (3 years old). Trevor’s dad, Mr. Jack, is a widow, and lost his wife during childbirth. Ms.Jennifer is very fond of Trevor due to her past dates with his dad. One day, she notices that Trevor’s eyes were puffy, red and watery. Ms. Jennifer also witnessed other symptoms that wereRead MoreMedieval Diseases And Treatment Research1026 Words   |  5 PagesOctober 2015 Medieval Diseases and Treatment Research Essay During the Medieval era there were many diseases. Because of the lack of hygiene in the medieval times, diseases would spread like a wildfire. Just to name a few common diseases that happened in this time, there was the Black Death, leprosy, measles, and typhoid fever. These were most likely transported because of dirty bedsheets and blankets, unwashed clothing, and rodents. The treatments for these diseases and other things, such

Motivation At The Nhs Foundation - 2676 Words

MOTIVATION IN THE WORKPLACE This research work is based on finding out the factors of motivation that can be employed for the NHS foundation staff. The NHS Foundation trust is a semi-autonomous organization within the National Health Service in the United Kingdom. These trusts have a certain degree of independence and work in an autonomous form as related to the Department of Health in the country. As computed in March 2014, there are 147 foundation trusts for NHS operating in the country. The factor of motivation of the employees in the workplace is extremely important for deciding the performance levels of an organization that functions in the healthcare segment. As such, this research is conducted to evaluate the existing motivation levels, strategies and performance within the organization. In addition, the motivation strategies that can be used by the business managers in the organization are considered and their practical application is analysed. The research would be mainly based on secondary research me thodology in which data would be gathered from the employee groups working in the NHS foundation Trust. The research report is structured in a methodical and step by step manner. Suitable research aims and objectives are designed followed by a thorough review of the available literatures on the topic of motivation. The literature review would help to provide a base for the development of the research work and for analysing the collected data from a theoreticalShow MoreRelatedJournal of Health Organization and Management1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe issue I have chosen is the relationship between HRM and organisationa,l and individual performance within the NHS. I have used two academic research based journals Baluch et al, (2013) in the Journal of Human Resource Management and Hyde et al, (2013) in the Journal of Health Organization and Management. Despite researching a similar field of study, the authors used different research methodologies. HRM and performance is part of a wide-ranging area of study in this field. The advancement ofRead MoreThe Self Esteem Of Adolescents Who Suffer From A Hearing Loss1126 Words   |  5 PagesIt is a subjective evaluation of how an individual assesses their self-worth and value in context to various external factors (Rosenberg, 1965). This basic assessment of oneself has a formidable effect on human behaviour, emotion, cognition and motivation, the dynamics of which extend to multiple precincts of development, including academic achievements, careers, friendships, success and relationships (Turner, 2007). Research even suggests that self-esteem can be a substantial forecast of satisfactionRead More Prevention of Obesity Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesHillingdon is directed towards adolescents in view of Baur (2008) suggesting that obese children grow into obese adults with associated health complications such as type 2 diabetes. According to the National Audit Office (2007) the Nation al Health Service (NHS) spends around  £4.2 billion a year in curing obesity and its associated illnesses. In 2008 the number of obese cases recorded by Hillingdon PCT amongst adolescents was 6.9%. In comparison with the entire of England it was estimated that 14% of boysRead MoreImproving The Health And Wellbeing Of An Individual1425 Words   |  6 Pagesyour patient or liaise with your healthcare team can immediately destroy the relationship between the healthcare professional and the patient, which in that case can lead to many problems. According to the NHS constitution, the most common complaints in the NHS are related to poor communication (NHS England, 2010). The National Patient Safety Agency (2007) suggests that the key to improving patient’s safety and clinical practice is the use of effective communication. A study was carried out with twentyRead MoreObesity Is A Complex Process953 Words   |  4 Pagesof obesity (Change4life 2016). This was the first campaign to adopt a social marketing approach to address obesity by making significant improvements in an individualà ¢â‚¬â„¢s diet, being physically active and alcohol consumption to improve their health (NHS Choices 2016a). Beside this health campaign, a consistent nutritional label system was launched in 2013 by the Public Health Minister Anna Soubry. This system combines colour coding (red, amber, green) and nutritional information to demonstrate theRead MoreObesity As A Public Health Campaign958 Words   |  4 Pagestackle growing problem of obesity. 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Carmen et al (2013), refers to 3 different levels of patient engagement: †¢ Direct Care – thisRead MoreEffective Communication At The Health And Social Care Sector1564 Words   |  7 Pagesto ensure the transmitted content between a conversation have been received clearly and assumed by each other in the most appropriate ways. The main goal in an effective communication is to achieve information, have a common concept and changing motivations. Communications can be easily affected by different barriers; for example, in Alan’s case includes the communication barriers of deficiency attention and the emotional barriers between the care workers which cause him feels unimportant and startsRead MoreThe Prison System Is Not Functioning Well869 Words   |  4 Pagestheir impact. (Ministry of Justice, 2016). Autonomy is expected to empower staff, improve standards and lead to a reduction in reoffending. The idea came from similar reforms in other areas of the public sector, most notably academy schools and NHS foundation trusts. Implementing an innovative and effective regime will be encouraged through the threat of unsuccessful governors being managed out, and control of their prisons allocated to more successful governors; alike successful head teachers in theRead MoreThe Complex Problem Of Poor Nutrition1396 Words   |  6 PagesNightingale who wrote in her Notes on Nursing in 1859 that â€Å"The most important office of the nurse, after she has taken care of the patient’s air, is to take care to observe the effects of his foods†(Nightingale, 1859). Nightingale is the basic foundation of nursing. Till this era, she has influenced the society and is so passionate about the care of patients. For example water, keeping hydrated can have a tremendous impact on the overall health. It is crucial that people drink enough water; many

Distillation Experiment Free Essays

SUMMARY The aim is to observe distillation process of ethanol-water solution and to measure the alcohol content after process in this experiment. 500 ml of solution with an alcohol content of 32% (v/v) is used for this experiment. Temperature values are recorded for every 10 ml alcohol obtained in the flask. We will write a custom essay sample on Distillation Experiment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The process is repeated in our experiment and for the first process, the data collection process continues until the distillate reaches to 200 ml. The concentration of alcohol is measured for first process by hydrometer. For the second process, approximately 200 ml of distillate containing 70% alcohol is used and data collection continues until the distillate reaches 150 ml. Finally, the concentration of alcohol is also measured after 2nd process as 82%. INTRODUCTION The objective of this experiment is to distillate the alcohol-water solution into ethanol and water. Distillation is a process of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilities of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction. The basic requirement of distillation is that the components of the liquid solution must have different boiling points. There are some types of distillation methods which are flash distillation, simple batch distillation, simple steam distillation, continuous distillation, vacuum distillation, etc. : Flash distillation It is a single stage process which liquid mixture is vaporized. The vapor and the liquid are come to equilibrium, and these phases are separated. Simple steam distillation This is a separation process at lower temperatures. This process is often used to separate a high boiling component from small amounts of nonvolatile impurities. Continuous distillation This is a process in which a liquid mixture is continuously fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously. Vacuum distillation It is used for some compounds having very high boiling points. Instead of the increasing the temperature too much, lowering the pressure is preferred in this distillation type. In this experiment we used simple batch distillation in order to distillate alcohol-water mixture. Simple batch distillation This is a separation process which the liquid charge is boiled slowly and the vapors are withdrawn as quickly as vapors form to condenser, where the distillate, condensed vapor, is collected. The first portion of vapor condensed will be the richest in the more volatile component. Vapor-liquid equilibria take an important role in distillation process. Vapor-Liquid-Equilibria (VLE) Constant pressure VLE data is obtained from boiling point diagrams. VLE data of binary mixtures is often presented as a plot, as shown in the figure below. The curved line is called the equilibrium line and describes the compositions of the liquid and vapour in equilibrium at some fixed pressure. Distillation experiment is applied to two miscible liquids which are ethanol-water, soluble in each other in all ratios. Mixtures of ethanol and water form an azeotrope. Azeotropic mixture: Azeotropic mixture is a solution that forms a vapor with the same concentration as the solution, distilling without a change in concentration. The composition of the liquid phase at the boiling point is identical to hat of the vapor in equilibrium with it, and azeotropes form constant-boiling solutions. The exact composition of the azeotrope changes if the boiling point is altered by a change in the external pressure. Ethyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope of 95. 6% at 78. 1 Â °C. Azeotropic systems give rise to VLE plots where the equilibrium curves crosses the diagonals. METHODS AND MATERIALS -Distillation apparatus -Alcoholmeter -Graduated cylinder -5 00 ml of 30% (v/v) water-ethanol mixture Source: Retrieved from http://www. baruch. cuny. edu/wsas/academics/natural_science/chm_1000/6_wine. df The distillation apparatus is for the separation of two miscible liquids by taking advantage of their boiling point differences. The mixture is put in the distillation flask, and a thermometer is located in there. The heater has a knob that is used to adjust the heating. Cold tap water is circulated in the condenser to condense the vapor. First, the ethanol – water mixture was poured into the distillation flask, and boiling chips were used to prevent over bubbling. Then the heater was turned on at a moderate level to prevent fast heating and better separation of the liquids. After the first drop of the distillate was obtained, the temperature was recorded. Every 10 milliliters, the temperature in the flask was recorded. At the end of the distillation, an alcoholmeter was used to measure the alcohol content of the distillate. 200 milliliters of distillate was distillated again in the same manner to obtain a higher alcohol percentage in the final product. DATA CALCULATION Notations used: A: Ethanol B: Water XA ? Mole fraction of ethanol in liquid YA ? Mole fraction of ethanol in vapor XB? Mole fraction of water in liquid YB ? Mole fraction of water in vapor Assumptions: – Pressure is 101,32kPa – Constant physical properties – Condensed fluid drops on the wall of still are neglected Initial data: – 500 mL of ethanol-water mixture is used for the first distillation. – 200 mL of ethanol-water mixture is used for the second distillation. Calculation: XA YA values can be calculated from the Raoult’s law equation; ? A + ? B = P PA* XA + PB* XB = P ? Since XA + XB = 1 PA* XA + PB* (1- XA)= P XA = (P – PB)/( PA – PB) The PA PB values were obtained according to the temperature data. (Acland,T. 2011) 1st DISTILLATION: T(? C)PBPAXAYAXBYB 7843,5100,11,0015551,0032540,000,00 78,544,4102,10,9864820,9940760,0135180,005924 7945,3104,10,9527210,9788620,0472790,021138 79,245,7104,90,9395270,9727240,0604730,027276 79,345,9105,30,9329970,9696460,0670030,030354 79,546,3106,20,9185310,9627710,0814690,037229 8047,2108,30,8857610,9467820,1142390,053218 80,548,2110,40,8540 190,9305540,1459810,069446 8149,2112,60,8220820,9136050,1779180,086395 81,550,2114,80,7913310,8966130,2086690,103387 8251,21170,7617020,8795810,2382980,120419 82,552,2119,30,7320420,8619480,2679580,138052 353,3121,60,7030750,8438010,2969250,156199 8455,4126,30,6476730,8073540,3523270,192646 8557,7131,20,5934690,7684880,4065310,231512 85,558,8133,70,567690,7491140,432310,250886 8762,4141,50,4920350,687160,5079650,31284 8864,8146,90,4448230,6449320,5551770,355068 88,566,1149,60,4217960,6227870,5782040,377213 9070158,10,3555050,5547310,6444950,445269 The average composition of total material distilled, Yav was measured by using hydrometer as 70%. So the final composition of remaining liquid,X2, can be obtained by material balance using Rayleigh equation: L1X1 = L2X2+ (L1 – L2)Yav 00(0,32) = 300 X2 + 200(0,7) ? X2 = 0,067 That means, 6,7 % of ethanol remained in the distillation still. 2nd DISTILLATION: T(? C)PBPAXAYAXBYB 78,544,4102,10,9864820,9940760,0135180,005924 79,546,3106, 20,9185310,9627710,0814690,037229 8047,2108,30,8857610,9467820,1142390,053218 8149,2112,60,8220820,9136050,1779180,086395 8251,21170,7617020,8795810,2382980,120419 8455,4126,30,6476730,8073540,3523270,192646 8864,8146,90,4448230,6449320,5551770,355068 9070158,10,3555050,5547310,6444950,445269 The average composition of total material distilled, Yav was measured by using hydrometer as 82%. So the final composition of remaining liquid,X2, can be obtained by material balance using Rayleigh equation: L1X1 = L2X2+ (L1 – L2)Yav 200(0,7) = 50 X2 + 150(0,82) ? X2 = 0,34 That means, 34 % of ethanol remained in the distillation still. DISCUSSION In first distillation, according to data obtained boiling point diagram is drawn. This graph can be seen as incomplete because some data is missing in order to complete graph since high temperature is not reached. Moreover, azeotropic point cannot be seen because we are not able to change pressure, so we cannot see that point and forward. In boiling point diagram graph for second distillation, we omit some of data because fraction is found negative, which is not possible. There may be error due to experimental condition or reflux. CONCLUSION In this experiment, our aim is to learn basic distillation concept and how to take and evaluate our data. We also learnt how to put data into boiling point diagram. In first distillation it is obtained 70% alcohol water solution and in the second distillation it is obtained 78% alcohol water solution. However, because of negative fraction values, we are not able to put all the data into boiling point diagram. REFERENCES Ackland, T. (2011). Home distillation of alcohol. Retrieved from http://homedistiller. org/ Geankoplis, C. J. (2003). Transport processes and separation process principles. Prentice Hall. Seperation Process. Distillation. Retrieved from http://www. separationprocesses. com/ Distillation/DT_Chp05. htm Wikipedia. Distillation. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Distillation Wikipedia. Azeotropic Distillation. Retrieved from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/ How to cite Distillation Experiment, Essay examples

Divine Intervention Greek Gods Essay Example For Students

Divine Intervention Greek Gods Essay Parallelisms between Greek and Roman Mythology have many similarities between them. Each type has there own set of Gods and Goddesses, although they were worshiped for similar reasons. The following will explain each God or Goddess and explain how they compare to each other. The King of Gods in Greek Mythology is known as Zeus. Zeus was the ruler of the sky, and had the power to create thunderstorms and lightning as well as earthquakes. He was the child of Cronus and Rhea. As the story goes he was their sixth child, and the father to protect him from being overthrown had eaten the five previous children. Zeus was taken to a city called Crete and hidden from his father. As Zeus grew older and learned of what happened he found a potion to make his father regurgitate the other children. Once this happened they all teamed up and killed their father. Zeus then became the ruler of Mount Olympus, and head of the new line of Gods. Jupiter was the predominant power holder of Roman Gods. He wa s ruler of the sky, the daylight, all the weather, and even the thunder and lightening. Jupiter helped drive back the Sabines. His temple was built in the Capitol, and newly elected counsels offered their first prayers to him. Hera was the wife and sister of Zeus, and the High Goddess of the Greeks. She was extremely jealous of the affairs that her husband was having and often tormented or harmed the mistresses he was fooling around with. Although, when she went too far, or tried to cause death, Zeus would intervene and stop her. Hera tried to ship wreak Hercules on his return from Troy, and with that Zeus had her hung by the wrists from top of the mountain with an anvil tied to each ankle. The two had four children together. Juno, Heras counterpart, was the wife of Jupiter. Juno was the protector of women, especially those who are married. Women often gave offerings to Juno to help with their childbirth. The God of the Underworld, Hades, was the brother of Zeus. He gained Hell, as his share in conquering their father. He is most known for kidnapping his wife, Persephone, while she was picking flowers in a field. As the story goes, Hades had her eat a piece of food in the Underworld, therefore she could not live on the Earth again. Her father, Zeus, made arrangements for her to be allowed on Earth for two-thirds of the year and in the Underworld as Hades wife for the rest of the time. This is used as the cause of spring and winter. When she returns to the surface she brings spring with her and when she returns to the Underworld she leaves winter behind her. Pluto, the Roman God of the Underworld, whos name also means rich. It reflects the rich mineral resources beneath the ground and the rich resources above the earth. In art he is shown with the Horn of Plenty. This horn is most likely why we associate the Devil, or Satan, as having a horn on top of his head. His name was thought of to be bad luck, and therefore was hardly mentioned in myths. Ares was the chi ld of Zeus and Hera. He was the God of War. Whenever he was seen or portrayed he would be fully armed and ready for battle. Any cause to fight or go to war would bring him out and about. He was the discomfited lover of Aphrodite. Almost all of his children by mortal women were of a violent nature. Mars, The Roman God of War and Agriculture, was the second most important god after Jupiter. The month March was named after Mars, and was also the first month of the Roman calendar. March was the month when agriculture was reborn and when most people engaged in war. Mars was given his own priest and altar in Rome. The wolf and woodpecker were the sacredanimals of Mars. A festival in October was held in his honor and all farmers and soldiers would lay aside their weapons and had a celebration. The Greek Goddess of Love and Beauty was Aphrodite. She was married to the Smith God, Hephaestus, but left him for the God of War. She favored the Trojans during the Trojan War. She was known to have angry mood swings and all the gods and mortals paid dearly for it. Aphrodite and Venus were counterparts in mythology. Venus, The Roman Goddess of Love, was first worshiped in pre-Roman Italy, where she was worshiped for gardens and vegetation. Festivals during the month of April were in recognition of Venus. Her son, Cupid, was told to fire individuals with love by the touch of his arrow. Her plans backfired and an arrow accidentally touched her. She fell in love with Adonis, the first man she saw, and instantly had a passion to be with him. She was so anxious to be with him that she tried to persuade him not to hunt any longer, but he did and got killed by a boar. The name Venus means beauty or charm. Poseidon was one of the Olympian deities of the Greeks, the son of Cronus and Rhea. His sphere of power covered the sea, and earthquakes. He had similar powers of Zeus in these fields, but was ultimately less powerful. He was mostly worshiped on the island called Atlantis. Offerings were given to him were given when sea goers wanted calm voyage or needed help in navigation. Poseidon had an affair with Medusa and she bore him a Pegasus as a child. The Roman God of Water was called Neptune. The Romans were not a seafaring community in early times and Neptune was of little importance or worry to them. His festival was celebrated on the height of summer during the driest time of the year. The date was July twenty-third. The Greek God of Love, usually represented as a small chubby winged child, was called Eros. He was usually equipped with a bow and a quiver full of arrows. These arrows were used to induce love, as well as the lighted torch he was sometimes shown holding. By riding on a lion or dolphin, or breaking the thunderbolts of Zeus one would know that this indicated his power over both gods and men. The Roman God of Love, Cupid, was also usually represented as a small chubby naked child armed with a bow and quiver of arrows. Mischievously he would aim Cupid s darts at will; at times causing untold mayhem as they caused those they pierced to fall in love with the first person they met. In classic arts he is often shown playing a game such as quoits, but sometimes he wears a helmet and carries spear and shield to show that even Mars, God of War, gives way to love. His encounter with Psyche shows him in a more serious aspect. Psyche would eventually be married to Cupid, after many hardships. Artemis was the daughter of Zeus and his mistress Leto. Born on the island of Delos with a slightly younger twin brother, Apollo. She was the eternal virgin huntress goddess, even though she had a very vindictive nature. She was responsible for several deaths, including Callisto and Orion. At Ephesus, she was worshiped more as a mother goddess then a huntress. Bees and stags were animals most often associated with her. Her temple was listed as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Diana was very similar to the Greek Goddess Artemis. Born on D elos with a twin brother named Apollo, Diana was the Goddess of Hunting. She had two particular shrines in Italy: one at Aricia on the shores of Lake Nemi, where she is known as Diana of the Woods, and the other at Capua under the name of Diana Tifatina, known as the Goddess of the Crossroads. Her cult allowed human sacrifice, and her priest could be replaced by whom ever killed him. In Greek mythology the messenger of the gods, son of Zeus and the nymph Maia, was known as Hermes. He also had the role of escorting the dead to the Underworld. He was also the patron of merchants and seamen, of good luck, and of thieves and pickpockets, and was known for his mischief making. Often used by Zeus as an intermediary in various situations, he was rewarded with a winged helmet and a pair of sandals, which he used for walking the roads. Mercury was a Roman god, and son of Jupiter and Maia. He was the messenger of Jupiter. He was often seen with the caduceus (a wand), broad-rimmed hat, winged sandals and purse. He, like Hermes, protected the merchants. His name has the root word merx meaning merchandise. Apollo, twin brother of Artemis, had Zeus as a father and a nymph as a mother. He was born under the shade of a single palm tree, the only tree on the island. Apollos major shrine was at Delphi, but before he could have this he had to rid the place of the monster. Python, a dragon or serpent, had terrorized the countryside for a long time. After slaying this creature Apollo initiated the Pythian Games, in honor of Python. Delphi became noted for the pronouncements made by the priests when they were in a hallucinatory state, most likely after chewing on bay laurel leaves. The legendary Hercules, a half god warrior, came to Delphi to seek advice from the oracle. He was dissatisfied with what he heard and tried to steal the sacred tripod, emblem of Apollo. Hercules and Apollo fought over the tripod, but Zeus separated them and returned the tripod back to Delphi. Apollo was also the God of Music, Fine Arts, Poetry, and Eloquence. Apollo was also the God of Medicine, which was used to cure as well as attack. Apollo was also responsible for the plague that struck the Greeks at Troy. He had a number of encounters with mankind, working at times for a king as a herdsman. He had several love affairs with mortal girls and nymphs, a number of whom assumed other shapes in an endeavor to escape his attentions. Greek Goddess of Wisdom, Athena, daughter of Metis by Zeus, had a very strange birth. Zeus had been warned that if Metis had a female child that a male child would follow and eventually overthrow him. To avoid this prophecy, Zeus swallowed the infant whole just as Metis was about to give birth. He soon had a very bad headache, so Hephaestus took a double-sided axe and split his skull open and Athena came out fully-grown and fully armored. Athena won the city of Athens in a contest with Poseidon. The rules were simple; who ever could produce the best gift f or mankind would win. Poseidon created a horse out of rock, while Athena caused an olive tree to grow. The judges declared that the olive tree was most useful and hence she won the city. As a warlike goddess she was protector of many heroes and towns. Her animal familiar was the watch owl. Minerva was the Roman Goddess of Craft and Trade, including the intellect on how to do the particular craft. Together with Juno and Jupiter she was one of the great Capitoline triad and was introduced to Rome by an Etruscan contingent, which came to aid Romulus. Minervas festival was celebrated on March Nineteenth. Demeter was the sister of Zeus and one of the five children that was eaten by Cronus. Demeter was the God of Fertility, and often referred to as the essential mother. Demeter had a baby girl by the name of Persephone. Her father was Zeus, Heras husband as well as Demeters brother. Hades kidnapped Persephone and took her to the Underworld with him. After searching everywhere for her lost daughter, Helios the God of the Sun, told her he saw what had happened. She vowed not to return to the gods or continue any of her tasks till her daughter was returned. Demeter went to Zeus and demanded that her daughter be returned from the Underworld. Zeus agreed under the condition that she had not eaten anything while she was down there. Zeus then found out she had eaten something, and told Demeter that he could not bring her back from the Underworld. When she found out she withdrew her support of earth and mankind. Demeter caused the fields to become unfertile, and finally a deadlock was reached. Soon a compromise was reached between Demeter, Zeus, and Hades. Persephone would be allowed to earth during the spring, but she would be required to return to the Underworld during the winter. Ceres, the God of Corn and Harvest, is the Roman equivalent to the Greek Goddess Demeter. She shares all the same legends and stories. As you can see, many of the Gods of Greed and Roman mytholo gy are similar in nature. Besides the difference in names and petty physical attributes the Gods are almost identical. In the Roman civilization the Gods names were more relied on as the planets names. But in the Greek civilization, the names were a meaning of their power and ability. Most of the Gods in both places resided from Zeus. Those Gods that did not come from Zeus were probably aid in his victory with the between Zeus and his father Cronus. The Titans were trapped Tartarus, a place beneath Hades (hell), where they were punished and tortured. Those titans, such as Gaea, Zeus mother, who helped Zeus, were left in peace to live among the rest of the Olympian Gods- to dwell among Mount Olympus. The Hound of the Baskervilles Argumentative Essay The people of ancient Greece had an extremely intelligent society. They had sophisticated architecture and a very high level of mathematics in their culture. These areas of life dealt with real things that could be controlled. When it came to natural phenomena the Greeks had certain explanations that might look eccentric now, but were reasonable 3000 years ago. In Greeces history there are several themes that contributed to Greek mythology and reasons it developed. Once Greek mythology was established in the culture an interesting set of gods and beliefs evolved and continued to evolve for hundreds of years. Two of these gods that you are most likely to be familiar with are Zeus and Apollo. If you understand how and why Greek mythology came about, the idea of Greek mythology wont seem so weird. The location of Greece itself lends itself to many different cultures. It is centrally located between Europe, Asia and Africa. With all three having extremely distinct and varied cultures. Tr avelers would share their ideas and thoughts with the locals as they went through Greece. Some ideas were adopted into the Greek culture or they were modified to their specific needs. Greece became a melting pot or crossroad for many different cultures. These factors must be taken into consideration when you are trying to understand Greek culture. Another way Greece was influenced by other cultures was by force. Between the years 2000-1400 B.C. Greece was ruled by several different cultures. These outside forces influenced their culture and religion. One thing that remained a constant was their language. The Greeks maintained to keep their native language and this established great internal uniformity. This became a factor in later years helping them rise to such a sophisticated civilization. The origins of Greek mythology as we know it today are impossible to trace because there was no structured church or written codes, but the main influence is thought to come from the Aegean civ ilization. The Aegeans lived on the island of Crete and are thought to be one of the first modern civilizations about 3000 B.C. Aegeans believed that all natural objects had spirits. Over time these beliefs developed into a set of legends involving natural objects, animals, and gods with human form. Some of these legends survived as part of classic Greek mythology. The Greek mythographer, Euhemerus, who lived around 300 B.C. had a contributing theory. He thought myths were distortions of history and the gods were actually heroes that were glorified over time. Bibliography:none

Banco Popular a Company Overview on Banking essays

Banco Popular a Company Overview on Banking essays Banco Popular is the third largest commercial banking company in Spain. While Spain is the base and the largest market for Banco Popular, the institution has operating facilities in several other European countries, as well as joint operating agreements to provide banking services in Mexico and some South American countries (Banco Popular, 2004). This overview of Banco Popular includes the history of the banking institution and a description of the markets in which the bank participates. The opportunities available to Banco Popular in the markets in which it participates are discussed. The effects of government regulations on the operation of the bank are considered. The performance of the bank (with a primary focus on financial performance) is reviewed. Banco Popular was founded in 1926 in Madrid, Spain as Banco Popular Espaňol. Within the Spanish market, Banco Popular operates as a national bank with headquarters in Madrid where it operates under the name Banco Popular. Banco Popular also operates five regional banks in the Spanish market under the names Banco de Andaluc, Banco de Castilla, Banco de Crdito Balear, Banco de Vasconia, Banco de Galicia (Banco Popular, 2004). Operations were established in the French in Paris in 1968, and, in 1991, the operation in Paris was expanded to 14 other locations in France. The company's operations in France were reorganized as Banco Popular France, which now operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Banco Popular In 2000 Banco Popular established a network of commercial banking branches in the Portuguese market. The bank expanded its operations in Portugal in 2002, with the acquisition of Banco Nacional de Crdito Inmobiliario (BNCI). Banco Popular merged its existing banking operations in Portugal into BNCI, which now operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Banco Popular al...

Feldspar Distinctions, Characteristics Identification

Feldspar Distinctions, Characteristics Identification Feldspars are a group of closely related minerals that together are the most abundant mineral in the Earths crust. A thorough knowledge of the feldspars is what separates geologists from the rest of us. How to Tell Feldspar Feldspars are hard minerals, all of them with a hardness of 6 on the Mohs scale. This lies between the hardness of a steel knife (5.5) and the hardness of quartz (7). In fact, feldspar is the standard for hardness 6 in the Mohs scale. Feldspars usually are white or nearly white, though they may be clear or light shades of orange or buff. They usually have a glassy luster. Feldspar is called a rock-forming mineral, very common, and usually makes up a large part of the rock. In sum, any glassy mineral thats slightly softer than quartz is very likely considered a feldspar. The main mineral that might be confused with feldspar is quartz. Besides hardness, the biggest difference is how the two minerals break. Quartz breaks in curvy and irregular shapes (conchoidal fracture). Feldspar, however, breaks readily along flat faces, a property called cleavage. As you turn a piece of rock in the light, quartz glitters and feldspar flashes. Other differences: quartz is usually clear and feldspar is usually cloudy. Quartz appears in crystals more commonly than feldspar, and the six-sided spears of quartz are very different from the generally blocky crystals of feldspar. What Kind of Feldspar? For general purposes, like picking granite for a countertop, it doesnt matter what type of feldspar is in a rock. For geological purposes, feldspars are quite important. For rockhounds without laboratories, its enough to be able to tell the two main types of feldspar, plagioclase (PLADGE-yo-clays) feldspar and alkali feldspar. The one thing about plagioclase thats usually different is that its broken faces- its cleavage planes- almost always have fine parallel lines across them. These striations are signs of crystal twinning. Each plagioclase grain, in reality, is typically a stack of thin crystals, each with its molecules arranged in opposite directions. Plagioclase has a color range from white to dark gray, and its typically translucent. Alkali feldspar (also called potassium feldspar or K-feldspar) has a color range from white to brick-red, and its typically opaque. Many rocks have both feldspars, like granite. Cases like that are helpful for learning to tell the feldspars apart. The differences can be subtle and confusing. Thats because the chemical formulas for the feldspars blend smoothly into each other. Feldspar Formulas and Structure What is common to all the feldspars is the same arrangement of atoms, a framework arrangement, and one basic chemical recipe, a silicate (silicon plus oxygen) recipe. Quartz is another framework silicate, consisting only of oxygen and silicon, but feldspar has various other metals partly replacing the silicon. The basic feldspar recipe is X(Al,Si)4O8, where X stands for Na, K, or Ca. The exact composition of the various feldspar minerals depends on what elements balance the oxygen, which has two bonds to fill (remember H2O?). Silicon makes four chemical bonds with oxygen; that is, its tetravalent. Aluminum makes three bonds (trivalent), calcium makes two (divalent) and sodium and potassium make one (monovalent). So the identity of X depends on how many bonds are needed to make up the total of 16. One Al leaves one bond for Na or K to fill. Two Als leaves two bonds for Ca to fill. So there are two different mixtures that are possible in the feldspars, a sodium-potassium series and a sodium-calcium series. The first is alkali feldspar and the second is plagioclase feldspar. Alkali Feldspar in Detail Alkali feldspar has the formula KAlSi3O8, potassium aluminosilicate. The formula actually is a blend ranging from all sodium (albite) to all potassium (microcline), but albite is also one endpoint in the plagioclase series so we classify it there. This mineral is often called potassium feldspar or K-feldspar because potassium always exceeds sodium in its formula. Potassium feldspar comes in three different crystal structures that depend on the temperature it formed at. Microcline is the stable form below about 400 C. Orthoclase and sanidine are stable above 500 C and 900 C, respectively. Outside the geological community, only dedicated mineral collectors can tell these apart. But a deep green variety of microcline called amazonite stands out in a pretty homogeneous field. The color is from the presence of lead. The high potassium content and high strength of K-feldspar make it the best mineral for potassium-argon dating. Alkali feldspar is a crucial ingredient in glass and pottery glazes. Microcline has a minor use as an abrasive mineral. Plagioclase in Detail Plagioclase ranges in composition from Na[AlSi3O8] to calcium Ca[Al2Si2O8], or sodium to calcium aluminosilicate. Pure Na[AlSi3O8] is albite, and pure Ca[Al2Si2O8] is anorthite. The plagioclase feldspars are named according to the following scheme, where the numbers are the percentage of calcium expressed as anorthite (An): Albite (An 0–10)Oligoclase (An 10–30)Andesine (An 30–50)Labradorite (An 50–70)Bytownite (An 70–90)Anorthite (An 90–100) The geologist distinguishes these under the microscope. One way is to determine the minerals density by putting crushed grains in immersion oils of different densities. (Albites specific gravity is 2.62, anorthites is 2.74, and the others fall in between.) The really precise way is to use thin sections to determine the optical properties along the different crystallographic axes. The amateur has a few clues. An iridescent play of light can result from optical interference inside some feldspars. In labradorite, it often has a dazzling blue hue called labradorescence. If you see that its a sure thing. Bytownite and anorthite are rather rare and unlikely to be seen. An unusual igneous rock consisting of only plagioclase is called anorthosite. A noteworthy occurrence is in New Yorks Adirondack Mountains; another one is the Moon.

Future Direction of Health Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Future Direction of Health Care - Essay Example One of the most important challenges that will influence the future strategic direction of the healthcare sector is the advancement of information technology. The sector will face challenges with the implementation of technological platforms such as electronic medical and health records. For instance, the sector has to train workers on how to use the platform in order to maximize service delivery and achieve organizational goals (Shi & Singh, 2010). Additional complications may emerge in cases where service providers try to avoid penalties because of the failure to implement the platforms. The issue of information confidentiality is also applicable in this case. Users of healthcare information technology must maintain high levels of confidentiality, while ensuring that the systems are safe and efficient. The healthcare sector will expectedly experience a shortage of skilled workers. Most of the skilled and experienced workers are within the retirement age. The fact that the workforce is aged leads to problems of reduced productivity. When the retiring workforce leaves the workplace, there will be a loss of skill, knowledge and experience (Shi & Singh, 2010). In addition to the retiring workforce, the healthcare sector faces competition for workers from other countries and international organizations. Most healthcare practitioners are relocating to countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. Economics will influence the future strategic direction of healthcare because they determine the cost of healthcare and the availability of financial resources for the management of the sector. Government programs such as Medicaid and Medicare are unsustainable (Shi & Singh, 2010). The current structure of these programs is not sufficient for the achievement of their goals. Funding towards these programs increase yearly, but they are not able to provide services to their target

The characters in To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The characters in To Kill a Mockingbird - Essay Example This quotation tells about the culture and lifestyle of Maycomb that was a small and old town that has nothing to do. People in the city did not have enough money to buy things, the men of the city used to wear collars and women used to wear talcum powders. The streets were filled with dirt and individuals did not have any money to go or do something. This shows the lifestyle, clothing and routine of the people. It demonstrates about the culture of the city and their economical status (Lee). ‘nigger-lover is just one of those terms that don’t mean anything – like snot nos. Its hard to explain ignorant, trashy people use it when they think somebody’s favouring..† (Lee 59).This quote of Scout reflects that even if any individual admired a black person he had no meaning or respect in the city. Any people who were inclined toward back people (mockingbird) in the city were actually running behind nothing. They were actually after a trash that actually had no meaning and justification to acquire. Here it shall be observed that a person who had black color were represented through a word ‘negga’ and did not have any respect in the society (Lee). ‘While gentlemen, we know is in itself a lie as black as Tom Robinson’s skin, a lie I don’t have to point out to you. You know that truth, and the truth is this: Some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around women.’Analyzing this quotation it shall be noted that because Tom Robinson was black he was considered to be a liar in the society.

Airport Planning and Expansion Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Airport Planning and Expansion - Case Study Example In this study, I intend to focus the analysis on the overall facility by reviewing the constraints within which the airport works and at the end offer recommendations on a probable development scheme so as to augment on the capacity in reference to flight and travellers accommodation. The Changi Airport found in Singapore has grown to rise to be a major aviation hub in Asian region. Its importance is particularly crucial to the southeast part of Asia. Occupying change, the airport rests on a thirteen square kilometres land, and about 17 kilometres to the north-east of the commercial hub. This is a military and public airport that is owned by the government of Singapore. The Changi Airport opened in 1981 is at an elevation of 22ft or 7meters above sea level and serves the Singapore Government and is run by the Changi Airport Group. It is considered as a landmark achievement for the country of Singapore. The company has won a plethora of awards totalling to about 280 in a span of 20 years, that is from 1987- 2007, for providing excellent service that is considered as a benchmark in the Aviation industry. The year 2007 alone saw the company earn 19 awards in the best airport category. The airport has made measures to address the age issue by offering periodic physical upgrades to the already in place terminals, building fresh facilities and taking actions towards the development of high level customer services. The Changi Airport is base to the Singapore Airlines, Tiger Airways, Valuair, Jett8 Airlines Cargo, Singapore Airlines Cargo, Jetstar Asia Airways, and SilkAir, and the main stopping point for Qantas which uses it as the main stop point en route kangaroo - a route that connects Australia and

How To Improve Tourism in Malaysia

How To Improve Tourism in Malaysia TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Based on the question 1, I have observed and I have my own point of view what can I make to improve the tourism in Malaysia. I have stated 5 points for Ministry of Tourism can develop or improves more. Malaysia is peaceful country therefore we must keep it stay this way. The views of mine what is needed to develop is very good because it can bring Malaysia to succeed. Besides that, Malaysia has education and culture that can be learned for more knowledge as well as to raise the fame of Malaysia and bring Malaysia’s tourism to a whole new adapt level as well as in technology. INTRODUCTION (QUESTION 1) The Ministry of Tourism in Malaysia is in charge who everything about Tourism for this country. In Malaysia, the Tourism that is very succeed and a head from other countries in Malaysia is Kuala Lumpur, capital city and Putrajaya is the country’s administrative capital. The Ministry of Tourism develop tourism in Malaysia because of an interesting places and historical places. Not only that, Ministry of Tourism has their important role to make Malaysia better and modern in Tourism. Ministry of Tourism also build up the central region. Every building or places in Malaysia have its own mark, if we describe it, we knew that was the building or the place. Example of the central region are vibrant towns and cities, towering buildings and exciting places of interest make up the urban landscape of Malaysia’s central region. This region comprises the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya as well as the state of Selangor. The region boast gleaming megastructures, heritage quarters and world – class events. The majestic Petronas Twin Towers is a major draw among visitor to Kuala Lumpur. It is one of the country’s iconic landmarks, and one of the world’s tallest buildings. Further south, Putrajaya is hailed as the ‘Intelligent Garden City’ for its harmonious blend of infrastructure and nature. In Selangor, the ultra – modern Sepang International Circuit (SIC) sets the stage for the annual Petronas Malaysia Formula 1 Grand Prix, attracting motorsports fans from aroun d the globe. As the country’s hub for commerce and finance, the central region is equipped with state-of-the-art infrastructure and top-notch facilities. It is home to Kuala Lumpur International Airport as well as Port Klang, the largest port in the country. Filled with unique attractions, the central region is a lively and exciting destination. Discover a microcosm of modern Malaysia in this region. 1.1 HOW MINISTRY OF TOURISM CAN DEVELOP THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA The Ministry of Tourism can upgrade the tourism and can develop more Tourism in Malaysia. First thing, Ministry of tourism should do a promotion and tells the world wide about the fascinating of Malaysia to other countries so that can attract them comes to our country. The Ministry of Tourism can tell other countries by showing our tourism websites, they can calls straight to the office, build more big giant screen at the side of the roads so that the citizens can see about the Tourism of Malaysia when they pass by, brochures and flyers will distributes to all over the countries. Second thing, some places of interest that the Ministry of Tourism can develop more is Kl Tower, Jalan Puncak, Off Jalan P.Ramlee. The Ministry Tourism must create more beautiful inside it so that the tourist can enjoy a magnificent view from the observation tower. Next, upgrade dine at the Atmosphere 360 Revolving Restaurant, adding more interesting and delicious dishes. Then for the Animal Zone, Ministry can develop by adding more animals so that it will bring more exciting to the tourist. XD Theatre can upgrade the system so that the movie be more good quality. Third thing, about the transportation. There are many types of transportation in Malaysia. By air, from the airport to the city, by sea, by road, by rail and others. Tourism of Malaysia must improves the transportation. It is for the safety and also make the citizens in Malaysia more comfortable. I take air as example. By air, the state-of-art Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) is the main gate away into the country. KLIA is situated in Sepang, about 55 km from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia airlines is complemented by AirAsia, the budget carrier and also Malaysia (MAS). Ministry of Tourism can improves more the facilities in both plane. The fourth Tourism Malaysia also needs to develop more Shopping Dining places. Selangor has an abundance of shopping malls. Most shopping malls, are designed with special themes and boast plenty of recreational facilities for all in the family. Especially the shopping malls, the tourism of Malaysia must build more shopping malls because Malaysian people loves to go for shopping. Every day in shopping malls, at least 10,000 people comes went for shopping. The management in shopping malls must include shop that is different from other countries and that can only have in Malaysia. This can make tourist from other country comes to Malaysia to buy it. Next is the dining, the food and beverages should add more variety of dish out a variety of local, western and international cuisine. This will attract the tourist to come to Malaysia to have a try. The Ministry of Tourism must develop more choices for the visitors and tourist that came to Malaysia. They must add more air – condition er in the restaurants. The fifth Ministry of Tourism can develop is Malaysia’s Events and Recreation. Selangor is a great venue for a wide range of events, from cultural celebrations to action-packed sporting activities. Malaysia should add more events and recreation. The tourist loves to travel and likes to do activities. By this method, Malaysia can gain more profit if the Ministry of Malaysia develop more recreation places. Nowadays, most everyone likes the theme park and extreme park. For theme park, tourism of Malaysia can improves the Sunway Lagoon more exciting games for all the Malaysia and tourist to enjoy an exhilarating time with the various rides and games. For the extreme park, most of teenagers loves to play this for them to release their stress. This is a great place for professionals and amateurs of extreme games to flaunt their stuff. 2.0 CONCLUSION Based on question 1, the 5 points that I stated, the Ministry of Tourism really should develop that in order for Malaysia to succeed. Ministry of Tourism can take Malaysia country to lead in tourism. I feel confident that if the Ministry of Tourism can do the points that I have stated, I am sure that Malaysia’s Tourism can get to the highest rank of tourism all over the world. Malaysia also have the potential to gain more profit if the Ministry of Tourism can attract the tourist to come to Malaysia and also keep the Malaysian citizens stays in Malaysia. Not only that, the benefits if the Ministry of Tourism do my alternative is citizen from other countries can say to their friends from other countries that Malaysia is really a good place to visit and an interesting place to gain experience and also create memorable memories. 3.0 INTRODUCTION (QUESTION 2) Malaysia’s population represents almost all of the main ethnic group of Asia. New updates of population for now in Malaysia is about millions of them. Malaysia has a number of other races too. Malaysia is a free and peaceful country. In Malaysia, we have our Prime Minister who is Dato’ Seri Najib bin Tun Abdul Razak. The major people who stayed in Malaysia is, Malay, Chinese and Indian. For the other races besides the major races is called minority races. For example, Punjabi, Sarawakian and also Sabahan races. In addition, there was a history about Malaysia and also Malaysian people. Due to the history, the Peranakans of the ‘Straits Chinese’ is built and the meaning of that is mixed of Chinese – Malay blood. Besides that, in Malaysia, Islam is the official religion in this country. Therefore, the biggest population in Malaysia mostly is Muslims and because of this, there is many attraction that pull them to convert. Nowadays in Malaysia, some of th em many has converted to Muslim. Malaysia is popular with their foods, games, the tourism, beaches, forest and other nature. The national language in Malaysia is Bahasa Malaysia and is official language. Other languages used in Malaysia are, in English, Tamil, Chinese, Telegu and Punjabi. For Chinese people, there are many different types of Chinese languages spoken by them. Cantonese is widely spoken by Chinese people in Malaysia. Besides that, Mandrin, Hokkien, Hakka and also Foochow. The ministry of education has stated and make a decision that in each school, all subject must be taught to the students in Bahasa Malaysia and also English Language only. Others than this is not appropriate to be taught because this is not fair to other foreign students who studied in that schools. Most Malaysian citizen is very good and we in here respect every culture and religion. 3.1 CULTURE OF MALAYSIA There are many culture in Malaysia, with different ethnics of group. Everyone in Malaysia has its own culture and traditions. There was a history of culture in Malaysia long time ago back in 1971. The government has come up with a ‘National Cultural Policy. This terms defined as Malaysian culture. Malaysia is a fair and balance country to the citizens. Malaysia provides a number holidays based on a festivals, normal public holidays on Saturday and Sunday. Besides that, during very important Birthday of Royal’s, King, Sultan and also the date of date of someone important to this country. For example, the date of Prophet’s Birthday. The public holidays in Malaysia is different. Each states will have the different date of public holidays. There is one public holidays that are same for all over the states in Malaysia, the most important dates in is Hari Merdeka (Independence Day) on 31 August, commemorating the independence of the Federation of Malaysia in 1957. Anoth er one that is also same public holiday are Labour Day (1 May). Now about each major religion for each citizens in Malaysia. Islam is the official religion in Malaysia. For Muslim, the holiday falls on Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Hari Raya Aidiladha, and Maulidur Rasul. Next for Chinese people holidays are Chinese New year, Cap Goh Mei and also their Mooncake festival. Next, for Hindus people, they will have their holidays on Deepavali and Thaipusam. The Hindus people will celebrate and gather together at the Batu Caves. Then, the Christians will have their Christmas Day on 25 December every year. 3.2 MALAY CULTURE TRADITION We will start with culture. There are 3 main culture in Malaysia. First is Malay culture. Malay is very a polite religion. For Malays, they believes with Allah, heaven and hell. Malays must obey the rules and must pray 5 times a day. It defined as ‘Solat’. Malays will use their hands when they eat. They will wash their hands and eat with hands. Malays will open their shoes before they entered each house and when they meet their relatives, they will shake hand. For younger, they will kiss the hands who is older than them. It shows as a respect for the elder. But for Muslims, there are rules where the Malay women and Malay man who did not get married yet can’t touch each other hands. For example, only Malay women can shake hands with women same goes with Malay man can shake hands with everyone except Malay women that is not related to. So if they meet, they can only smile and bow instead touching each other. The Malays have their own traditional clothes. For clothes, Malays have their own traditional clothes. For girls and women, they have Tudung, Baju Kurung, Baju Kebaya, Jubah. For boys and man, they have Baju Melayu, Songkok and Sampin. Next, the tradition games for Malays. These games usually only practice at village and hometown by our old great grandfather and grandmother. There are known as Hopscotch, Congkak, Gasing, Sepak Takraw, Batu Seremban and Silat. But these days, nothing is played anymore at this generation by kids and teenagers, Next, Malays food, Malays people are allowed to eat ‘Halal’ food only. There is variety of food especially during Hari Raya. Rendang, Ketupat, variety of Hari Raya biscuits, Lemang is the main dish that will be served only one time a year. Malays food usually is hot and spicy. During Hari Raya Aidilfitri, the Malays will make an ‘open house’. Malays is popular with their ‘Sambals’ in every dishes or rice. Malays also celebrated their festivals. Malays have its own unique festivals such as engagements and wedding. For example, Malays man can get married for 4 times and they can have 4 wives only not more than that if they can afford to take care of them. Then they will make a ceremony when they get married. They will invite their family members and friends to their wedding. 3.3 CHINESE CULTURE TRADITION Second main culture in Malaysia is Chinese. They have their own believes. They always respect the elders so much. They have loving culture. Most of them lived together in on house. For example, the grandparents until their grandchildren lived in together. This is what brings their family so close and never fall apart. They respect each other. They help each other and they will own their self in their family business. The Chinese people also practice a handshake. For them is slightly different from the Malays. Chinese believes for Man and Women can shake their hands whether they have married or not. But many older Chinese lower their eyes during the greeting as it is also sign as respect to each other. Their tradition has comes in. It has stated must avoid with white wrapping paper as it symbolizes death and mourning. They must avoid yellow wrapping paper too as it is the colour of royalty. Next is their traditional clothes. Every year their theme is in Red colour. For girls and women, Cheongsam is their tradition clothes. Cheongsam comes in short and also long types. Both is very nice when they wear it. For boys and man, Samfu. Samfu comes in many colours. Besides that, if they get an offer gifts, they must take it with the right hand and if the gift they receive is quite large, they must take it with both hands. Next, the gifts that they received they cannot just opened it. During their festivals, Chinese New Year, it is in tradition that they will have an Oranges. A boxes of oranges. Then they will distribute and share it with friends or their customers. But during on the first day of Chinese New Year, they cannot sweep the floor. They believes that it will give a bad luck to them. They always make ‘Makan Besar’ where there is a lot variety of food that is served on the tables during Chinese New Year In Malaysia, the Chinese practices that people that got married already usually must give ‘Angpau’ to those who still did not married yet and to the small kids. But in other country like China, those who started work already must give the ‘Angpau’. 3.4 INDIAN CULTURE TRADITION Last main culture in Malaysia is India. Indian people has its own believes. They are polite people and really respectful people. They are patient even though usually many people looked down on them. They also have their own language, religion, food and the arts. For Indian language, the most popular that they use for their spoken is Tamil, Telungu and Malayam. Nowadays, about 13 percent Indian is now has converted to Indian Muslims Indian foods is really popular with their spices and herbs. There are thousands of spices and herbs that can cure sick peoples. Indian tradition foods really brings name at the highest spot in Malaysia. Especially the curries. There are many types of curries that can be make, chicken curry, fish curry, mutton curry and a lot more. The most famous cuisine of the Indian is Thosai, Roti Canai and Idli. This dishes can be eaten with Daahl, Curry and Chutney to make the dishes become more delicious. Muruku is very usually have when Deepavali festivals. Besides that, Most of the Hindus are vegetarian and the Indians cannot eat beef because they have their own believes. Mahatma Gandhis Birthday is a fore father. He is a member of past generations that has tribute good things and bring Indian people into peace. He is born on 2 of October. Not only Diwali the Indian celebrate, the Indian also celebrates Thaipusam. Based on their festival, it defines as the festival of lights. They will mark ‘Ponggal’. It defines only when new year they will put it at home-based and doors with all family gathers together. India have many temples that are build and popular all over the world. The most well-known example of Indian architecture is the Taj Mahal, built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan to honor his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Taj Mahal is always came up in Television. The actors usually make a filming at there because it is so nice and beautiful place. It combines elements from Islamic, Persian, Ottoman Turkish and Indian architectural styles. That is some of the unique of Indians. 4.0 CONCLUSION Based on these 3 different cultures and traditions, I have learnt a lot of knowledge about them. I respect their cultures and their traditions. Each cultures and traditions have their own believes and trust. For Chinese, I really adored with their customs ’Angpau’ and an oranges. I’m impress with their tradition that all family lives together in one big house. Besides that, their traditional clothes are very nice in Red colour. One of the reason I adore because red colour is one of my favourite colour too. For the Indian cultures and tradition, I find it their foods are really good and mostly Indian foods that attracts people in Malaysia. For me, their curry chicken and roti canai is what attracts me. I love to eat that food. Last but not least, Malay, my own religion, culture and tradition. I am really glad and proud with it. There are many rules we have to obey, like obey to our parents. During the Hari Raya Aidilfitri, all types of foods, family all gathering together and also with the traditional clothes. Baju Kebaya is most likely I wear during any festivals. I really feel excited and happy to know about others culture and tradition. Now I want to know more about it so that I can more gain knowledge as it bring goods for people in Malaysia future.

Free Essay on Nathaniel Hawthornes Scarlet Letter - Pearl as The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Pearl as The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is a novel that shows the Puritanical way of life. Society does not accept the fact that Hester has committed the sin of adultery so they cast her out by making her wear a scarlet letter 'A' across her chest. Pearl is the product of Hester's sin, the scarlet letter is the product of society. This idea shows that Pearl is the scarlet letter and the scarlet letter is Pearl. There are many ways in which Pearl is shown to be as the scarlet letter because she is considered to be a part of nature, she is the physical connection between Dimmesdale and Hester, and Pearl is the reason that makes Dimmesdale and Hester to finally accept their sin and make their confession in front of society and the people within society. The reasons are listed in this manner because in the first one nature is a stronger force that human force, then comes her connection between Dimmesdale and Hester because she is the natural connection which is a link from the first on e to the second and also her being the reason Dimmesdale and Hester accepting the sin is last because there is a stronger connection between the child and the parents here which is linked from the previous reason. Pearl is a product of a natural act done by two human beings. This is the act of sex. But society considers it to be bad because there was no social contract between the parents to have that baby. But still its natural so it makes Pearl natural and cast out by society. Even her mother notices that it is society that seems to make Pearl the "evil" girl she is, "She knew that her deed had been evil; she could have no faith, therefore, that its result would be for good. Day after day she looked fearfully into the child's expanding nature; ever dreading to detect some dark and wild peculiarity, that could restore to the guiltiness to which she owed her being."( The Scarlet Letter. Nathaniel Hawthorne. 86) Here what is depicted is that Pearl's evil is from her mother's "guiltiness". So if Hester has none of that guilt that came from society then she would naturally be a good girl. Also, Pearl seems to be connected to nature because there is some contact where Pearl has some kind of commun ication with Pearl.